How to Calculate GPA — Step-by-Step Formula

A complete guide to calculating semester GPA, cumulative GPA, and high school GPA with worked examples and the exact formula.

Quick answer: GPA = Total Grade Points ÷ Total Credit Hours. Grade Points = Credit Hours × Grade Value (A=4.0, B=3.0, C=2.0, D=1.0, F=0). Or use the GPA Calculator for instant results.

The GPA Formula

GPA = Σ (Credit Hours × Grade Points) ÷ Total Credit Hours

Grade points: A=4.0, A-=3.7, B+=3.3, B=3.0, B-=2.7, C+=2.3, C=2.0, C-=1.7, D+=1.3, D=1.0, D-=0.7, F=0

Step-by-Step: How to Calculate Semester GPA

1List your courses with credit hours and grades

Example: English (3 cr, A), Math (4 cr, B+), Chemistry (4 cr, B), History (3 cr, A-)

2Convert letter grades to grade points

A=4.0, B+=3.3, B=3.0, A-=3.7. See the full GPA scale chart.

3Multiply credit hours by grade points

English: 3×4.0=12 | Math: 4×3.3=13.2 | Chemistry: 4×3.0=12 | History: 3×3.7=11.1

4Sum grade points and divide by total credits

Total points: 12+13.2+12+11.1 = 48.3 | Total credits: 14
GPA = 48.3 ÷ 14 = 3.45

💡 Worked Example: Semester GPA
English 101 (3 cr):A = 4.0 → 12 pts
Math 220 (4 cr):B+ = 3.3 → 13.2 pts
Chemistry (4 cr):B = 3.0 → 12 pts
History (3 cr):A- = 3.7 → 11.1 pts
Total: 48.3 pts ÷ 14 credits = GPA: 3.45

How to Calculate Cumulative GPA

Cumulative GPA includes all semesters. Add grade points from all semesters and divide by total credit hours from all semesters.

Cumulative GPA = Total Grade Points (All Semesters) ÷ Total Credit Hours (All Semesters)

With prior credits: (Prior GPA × Prior Credits + New Points) ÷ (Prior Credits + New Credits)

How to Calculate High School GPA

High school GPA uses the same formula. Use credit weight (typically 1.0 per year-long course, 0.5 per semester course). For weighted GPA (AP/IB/Honors), add bonus points: AP/IB = +1.0, Honors = +0.5 above standard grade points.

Weighted vs Unweighted GPA Reference

LetterUnweightedHonors (+0.5)AP/IB (+1.0)
A4.04.55.0
B3.03.54.0
C2.02.53.0
D1.01.52.0
F0.00.00.0

Calculate Your GPA Instantly

Enter your courses and grades — our GPA calculator does the math for you.

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GPA = Total Grade Points ÷ Total Credit Hours. Grade Points = Credit Hours × Grade Value. Example: 3 credits × 4.0 (A) = 12 grade points.

(Prior GPA × Prior Credits + Current Semester Points) ÷ (Prior Credits + Current Credits). Use the GPA calculator's Prior GPA fields for this.

Use the Target GPA Calculator to find required future GPA. Read our full guide: How to Raise Your GPA.